![]() ![]() The party’s Survival Programs were beloved in nearly 70 communities the U.S. Newton and Seale wrote the party’s Ten Point Program, which laid out the party’s beliefs and its demands. And I think he was pretty surprised at how rapidly (the Panthers) grew in exposure, whether it was fame or infamy.” ![]() “But I don’t know that that was his natural inclination, personality-wise. “My sense is that he sort of pushed himself out there to be this public, confrontational figure on the streets,” said Widell, now the history department chair at the University of Rhode Island. Widell, Jr., who as a graduate student helped catalog Newton’s writings at Stanford University, said Newton was not a natural front man. ![]() Martin Luther King Jr., which they felt had failed to address the problems of Black people in the North and West. Newton, the minister for defense, and Seale, the chairman, were frustrated with the largely Southern civil rights movement spearheaded by the Rev. DuBois, Frantz Fanon and James Baldwin.īy his late 30s, he had a doctorate in social philosophy from the University of California at Santa Cruz, and he was well on his way to global fame and notoriety.Īfter meeting at a community college in Oakland, Newton and Seale founded the Black Panther Party for Self Defense in October 1966. It was only after graduation from high school that his real education began a self-taught reader, he studied the works of W.E.B. Newton struggled with his education, unable to read or write in high school even as he was arrested for petty crimes. His parents, Walter and Armelia Newton, moved the family to Oakland during a wave of the Great Migration, when the promise of work and less overt racial oppression lured thousands of African American families out of the Jim Crow South. The youngest of seven children, Newton was born on Feb. ![]()
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